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| Ranking |
Evidence-Based Practice |
| Description |
Interventions in primary school settings are designed to increase sun-protective knowledge, attitudes, and intentions, and affect behavior among children from kindergarten through eighth grade. The interventions focus on some combination of increasing application of sunscreen, scheduling activities to avoid peak sun hours, increasing availability of shade and encouraging children to play in shady areas, and encouraging children to wear sun-protective clothing. It should be noted, however, that increased sunscreen use alone, while useful as part of a healthy sun-protective behavior regimen, is not considered to be sufficiently protective to justify a Task Force recommendation.
The Task Force on Community Preventive Services recommends educational and policy approaches in primary schools to improve children's "covering up" behavior based on sufficient evidence of effectiveness. |
| Results / Accomplishments |
Results from the Systematic Reviews:
Twenty studies qualified for the review.
• Among studies with concurrent comparison groups, findings include:
-Avoiding the sun: median relative increase of 4% (interquartile range: -8% to 16%; 7 study arms)
-Covering up: median relative increase of 25% (13 study arms)
-Using sunscreen: median relative increase of 17% (interquartile interval: 2% to 32%; 6 study arms)
-Composite behaviors: median relative increase of 2% (interquartile interval: -6% to 72%; 15 study arms)
• Among before-and-after studies, findings include:
-Covering up: median relative increase of 70% (interquartile interval: 42% to 100%; 5 study arms)
-Using sunscreen: median relative increase of 34% (interquartile interval not available; 2 study arms)
-Avoiding the sun: relative increase of 16% (interquartile interval not available; 1 study arm)
• Other results
-The overwhelming majority of intervention arms showed a significant increase in knowledge (22 out of 25 arms) and a significant change in attitude (13 out of 17 arms). Only four reports evaluated intentions and their findings were inconsistent in direction and generally not statistically significant. |
| Categories |
Health / Cancer
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| Source |
Community Guide Branch Epidemiology and Analysis Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| Location |
Country: USA |
| Primary Contact |
communityguide@cdc.gov
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| For more details |
http://www.thecommunityguide.org/index.html
http://www.thecommunityguide.org/cancer/skin/ed...
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| Target Audience |
Children |
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